Astronomers have released for the first time a roughly detailed “picture” of how the weather’s like on an extra-Solar System planet, called HD 189733b.
HD 189733b’s weather has been mapped more accurately because it’s much closer to Earth- “only” 60 light years away in the constellation Vulpecula. It is considered to be a “gaseous giant” like our own Jupiter, only a lot more massive than the biggest planet in our Solar System, but still inferior to other gas giants discovered across the Universe.
This last feature is important because the mass influences the heavy atmosphere recently noticed by astronomers, who have concluded that it’s a living hell out there: the surface temperature on HD 189733b reaches a staggering 3,700 degrees Fahrenheit (2,040 Celsius), mainly because the planet orbits the parenting star very closely.
Joseph Harrington, from the University of Central Florida, described the hot planet- observed using NASA’s Spitzer telescope- as a black ball with a red spot staring right at its star.
"It looks like the evil eye," he said in a telephone interview with Reuters.
This week’s Nature report on the climate registered on exo-planets also includes a more distant celestial body called HD 149026b, situated at 279 light-years away from us in the large constellation Hercules, which is said to be the host of monstrous winds and storms caused by the temperature differences.
Astronomers found that HD 149026b’s temperature when lit by its parenting star- during the two day orbiting cycle- is 1700 degrees Celsius, while the dark side must have a temperature somewhere near 1200 degrees.
"At those temperatures, air cools off rapidly when it moves from the day side to the night side," said Adam Showman of the University of Arizona's lunar and planetary laboratory, who was a member of Heather Knutson and David Charbonneau’s team of astronomers from Harvard. "That relatively small temperature difference implies that fierce winds redistribute a lot of heat."
That explains the warm spot observed by the team in the left-hand edge of the gaseous giant, which could be a massive storm that sweeps everything in its path. Showman calculated that the wind- many times stronger and faster than Jupiter’s famous Red Spot, an Earth-sized storm that rarely exceeds 340 mph- should blow with a speed that fairly surpasses that of sound (at least 6,700 mph!!).